Update on TLRs and IFNs : TLR4 triggers IFN beta for the cytosol infections while TLR3 triggers IFN lambda for the golgi seen infections

Five TLRs and viruses

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16286015

Consider TLRs as the butterfly nets which identify infections non specifically

For infections that move inside the cell there are 5 TLRs

7 nucleus

8 ER

9 mitochondria

3 golgi

4 cytosol 

(note that tlr4 is not endosomal)

IFN 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7993128

Cytosol

TLR4 and IFN beta

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18981097

TLR4 and Fibroblasts

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20945369

Fibroblasts and IFN beta

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19003305

Golgi

Dendritic cells and tlr3

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20561711

TLR3 and IFN lambda

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3411314/

ER

Macrophages and TLR8

https://www.nature.com/articles/cmi201238

macrophages and IFN gamma

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2669819/

natural killer cells also produce IFN gamma

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2192568/

in response to no cell surface markers due to damaged  ER where no proteins make it to the surface

Nucleus and mitochondria

Bcells have tlr7 and tlr9

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25740945

Bcells secrete TGF-b1

https://jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12974-017-0798-5

Dendritic cells secrete IFN alpha in response to TGF-b1

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23428227

TGF-B1 acts on TH17 cells with il-21 to produce il-19 and il-26