Autoimmune Cross-targeting hypothesis suggests that simultaneous infections on one target triggers autoimmunity. One infection is on the outside of the target cell and one infection is on the inside of the target. The partners of the infection can vary but the inside and outside paradigm is what triggers the autoimmune response that results in the development of autoimmune disease.
The infections which can mark the outside of the intestine: campylobacteria, sutterella, or e.coli
Campylobacteria and Guillain barre
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC88896/
Sutterella was a new genius formed out of Campylobacteria
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8573504
Campylobacteria infections connected to celiac disease (following up intestinal infections)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23812827
Campylobacter: 738; Salmonella: 624; Shigella: 376; Yersinia :17
Out of all of these only camylobacteria was followed by celiac
E.coli and Celiac (isolated from the gut)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26602204
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3152179/
Bladder infection history and celiac disease (most bladder infections are e.coli)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1511510/
The strain of e.coli that causes bladder infections and the campylobacteria that could be involved seem to the less virulent strains. Suggesting that they propagate and a mass larger numbers in the intestine before the immune system recognizes them as a problem.
e.coli virulence and type one diabetes
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19528169
E.coli feathers the intestinal lumen marking the outside of the intestinal cells as foreign. Does sutterella and campylobacteria feather the outside of intestinal cells the same way?
These infections are also the type of infection that breaks through the intestinal barrier. It is the breaking through of the intestinal barrier that causes the "gluten sensitivity". T.gondi infection in mice causes gluten sensitivity once it crosses the intestine but it does not trigger the autoimmune reaction of the intestine. T.gondi is not connected to celiac disease.
Maybe one of the key features of triggering autoimmune disease is that the outside must be coated with foreign like penicillin coats red blood cells and can trigger autoimmune anemia.
The viral infections marking the inside of the intestine: hepatitis B, astrovirus, or rotavirus
Celiac and hepatitis B
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14572581
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22308135
celiac and astrovirus
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2937664/
celiac and rotavirus
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23572432
The infections which can mark the outside of the intestine: campylobacteria, sutterella, or e.coli
Campylobacteria and Guillain barre
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC88896/
Sutterella was a new genius formed out of Campylobacteria
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8573504
Campylobacteria infections connected to celiac disease (following up intestinal infections)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23812827
Campylobacter: 738; Salmonella: 624; Shigella: 376; Yersinia :17
Out of all of these only camylobacteria was followed by celiac
E.coli and Celiac (isolated from the gut)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26602204
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3152179/
Bladder infection history and celiac disease (most bladder infections are e.coli)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1511510/
The strain of e.coli that causes bladder infections and the campylobacteria that could be involved seem to the less virulent strains. Suggesting that they propagate and a mass larger numbers in the intestine before the immune system recognizes them as a problem.
e.coli virulence and type one diabetes
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19528169
E.coli feathers the intestinal lumen marking the outside of the intestinal cells as foreign. Does sutterella and campylobacteria feather the outside of intestinal cells the same way?
These infections are also the type of infection that breaks through the intestinal barrier. It is the breaking through of the intestinal barrier that causes the "gluten sensitivity". T.gondi infection in mice causes gluten sensitivity once it crosses the intestine but it does not trigger the autoimmune reaction of the intestine. T.gondi is not connected to celiac disease.
Maybe one of the key features of triggering autoimmune disease is that the outside must be coated with foreign like penicillin coats red blood cells and can trigger autoimmune anemia.
The viral infections marking the inside of the intestine: hepatitis B, astrovirus, or rotavirus
Celiac and hepatitis B
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14572581
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22308135
celiac and astrovirus
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2937664/
celiac and rotavirus
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23572432
No comments:
Post a Comment