Receptor hypothesis: Understanding Viruses, Benzene rings, and disulfide bridges could help improve vaccine safety.

Having paired up viruses and receptors one can then divide them into two groups.  The benzene negative group and the nitrogen positive group.

 Recognizing the charge used by viruses to bind receptors will be vital in the "cleaning up" of vaccines.  Vaccines are still triggering autoimmune diseases like live viruses only because the piece of the virus that binds the receptor is still there in the vaccine.  Remove this binding piece and the danger of vaccines triggering could be removed....or at least that is my hope.

The negative group 

HPV - cannabinoid receptors
Flaviviruses - melanocortin receptors
Flu - dopamine receptors
Herpes viruses - estrogen receptors
Polyomaviruses - vit D receptors


?Retroviruses - LH/ albumin receptors?

The herpes' benzene ring recognizes the estrogen receptor.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11137303

The Vitamin D does not have a ring it has 2 double bonds in the middle of the molecule.  Aflatoxin which uses vit D receptors does have a benzene ring in the middle of the molecule where vit D has the 2 double bonds.  Polyomaviruses use the vit D receptor.

Zika, melanocortin receptors, and  clatherin inhibitors
http://angelabiggs.blogspot.com/2017/01/zika-acth-receptors-and-clatherin.html


The positive group

Now the enteroviruses, paramyxoviruses, and rhinoviruses do not have benzene rings but have instead a positively charged nitrogen typically on a conserved lysine.

Note that acetylcholine and nicotine have an O-c-c-N pattern. (oxygen- carbon-carbon- nitrogen).  This should be looked for on Paramyxoviruses. (the positively charged Nitrogen is key)

The Acetylcholine receptors and the ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule) all have conserved disulfide bridges which appear to be serving as the electro-negative draw for the nitrogens.

Enteroviruses - nicotine acetylcholine receptors
Paramyxoviruses- muscarinic acetylcholine receptors
Rhinoviruses- ICAM-1

Charged molecules are drawn to the receptors and the virus must being do this too with a similar amino acid key.

Rhinovirus...conserved lysine in loop involved in binding
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12768011

charge interactions between ICAM1 and rhinoviruses
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10600561

ICMA-1 has disulfide bridges

Acetylcholine receptors and disulfide bridges
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17132687

The receptor D68 uses must have sialic acid
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26787879
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26563423

nicotine receptors have sialic acid
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20487973

Could the use of nicotine patches could slow the paralysis of patients?

corona viruses use the ace receptors and are said to use sialic acid to bind....where do they fit in this?