Monday, May 21, 2018

The medulla of the lymph gland review: were antibodies are produced

The medulla region of the lymph gland is filled with macrophages, plasmablasts, and plasma cells. Plasmablasts are B cells that have travelled from the cortex to the medulla. Plasmablasts then differentiate into plasma cells which are the antibody producing B cells.

macrophages induce differentiation of plasmablasts from GC to plasma cells
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3457728/

Plasmablasts produce il-6 which triggers the macrophages to produce il-10.  The cytokine il-10 triggers the differentiation of plasmablasts to plasma cells.   This is how the B plasmablasts cell senses when it is the correct spot in the lymph to make antibodies.

Long lived plasma cells evolve from the GC stimulated Bcells (BCR tested outer antigen B cell plasmablast) These plasma cells can make antibodies for years.

Short lived plasma cells evolve from the cortex interface Bcells (TCR tested inner antigen B cell) Are these are triggered by il-2?

By inner antigen we are combining the cytosol antigens viewed by Th1 and the mitochondria/nuclear antigens viewed by Tc.

il-2 and cortex interface B cells (non GC Bcells) are these the Tc stimulated?
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-017-01475-7

il-10, il-2, and il-15 cytokines with plasma cells...and Baff?
https://www.nature.com/articles/srep02327/figures/5

Baff is the cytokine for the IgM plasma cells
http://www.jimmunol.org/content/173/4/2245

Note that the macrophages of the medulla area are those involved with inner antigen presenting to the T cells of the paracortex.  Macrophages that are involved with the outer antigens migrate to the cortex area becoming subacapsular macrophages.

il-2 involves the mitochondria/nuclear antigens with Tc cells
il-15 involves the cytosolic antigens with Th1 cells
The Tc and Th1 used the T cells TCR education

il-10 involves the outer antigens with TFh cells
The T follicular helper cells rely on the Bcells BCR education and somatic hypermutation.

Baff is for the innane  triggering Igm when B cells encounter LPS and il-6




No comments:

Post a Comment