Monday, April 7, 2014

Balo disease and cross-targeting autoimmunity

Balo disease is a rare form of multiple sclerosis that effects young adults and children...occasionally adults.

The MS brain plaques look like tree rings in the MRI.

Hypothesis: cross-targeting of 2 infections causes the immune system to attack.  In this case one infection must be able to cross the blood brain barrier.  Mycobacterias can cross this barrier and could be how the virus gains access to the brain. Or does the virus gain access to the child's brain before birth if the mother is the virus carrier?  To set off the autoimmunity I still think you would need 2 infections marking the nerve.

Regular multiple sclerosis I had associated the herpes virus like HHV-6 with MS. In this case a patient with balo-like plaques was found to have hepatitis C virus.  Odd because hepatitis viruses typically infect the liver....making this an unusual disease.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17967838

Hepatitis C virus and Balo disease associations
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24211061

Hepatitis c and brain tissue
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20877724

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