Thursday, March 14, 2013

Multiple sclerosis and cross-targeting autoimmunity

Autoimmune hypothesis:

Stage one
A bacterial or mycobacterial infection creates  a hyper state of auto-antibodies through morphology changes or pigment changes. The infection appears to disappear and reappear to our immune system.

Stage two
A virus infection causes cross-targeting by infecting or creating antibodies that overlap the existing ones from stage one.

Multiple sclerosis

Stage one
Multiple sclerosis is associated with eczema. A meningitis type of bacteria like the staphylcoccus aureus has been associated with eczema.  (Staph produces yellow pigment when exposed to milk or egg which explains the eczema allergies)  It is possible this bacteria produces antibodies against the nervous system but not does not succeed in causing meningitis.  These antibodies are the first to target nerves.

Reference: Varicella, ephemeral breastfeeding and eczema as risk factors for multiple sclerosis in Mexicans.  Acta Neurol Scand 2002 105, 88-94 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11903117

Donald Leung of National jewish has isolated staph from some eczema but has not claimed that it is the cause.

Staph and MS (specific type of staph is involved)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21212089


Bacterial toxins and MS
http://www.direct-ms.org/pdf/InfectiousMS/Bacterial%20toxins%20MS%2007.pdf

C. pneumoniae  is another possible culprit
http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/574944_3

It can infect the CNS
http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/574944_3 
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10401775

NOTE: it is not the exact infection so much as the location of the infection marking the outside of the target nerve that is significant.

Mycobacteria and MS
 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21409957
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14616302
also
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15150306 and http://rheumatology.oxfordjournals.org/content/39/8/930.full (which I think psoriatic athritis and psoriasis are mycobacterias)

note that the mycobacteria bind to the nerves : http://www.pnas.org/content/96/17/9857 
using the laminin which the myelin forms on http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10576890

Hypothesis: The cross-targeting of infections at the same tissue causes autoimmune disease.  One infection marks the outside while another marks the inside...only then does the immune system become confused and attack. A virus as infecting the inside of a cell marks the inside for immune system attack.

Stage 2
 A virus that infects the nerves such as Herpes Zoster, shingles, causes the immune system to cross target the nerves.

References:
 Increased risk of multiple sclerosis following herpers zoster: A nationwide, population based study.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21653524

Herpes Zoster and Multiple sclerosis
JID 2011:204, 177-178
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23035074


I have also been considering that fact that HERVs could act as the virus causing cross-targeting but i do not have enough information. Cross-targeting or something else...i am not sure.
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15782388

Again this is not proven it is a hypothesis. Does anyone see the pattern I see?








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