Monday, June 5, 2017

Miller-fisher is a subtype of Guillian Barre. How can Zika virus and TNF alpha trigger ?

Autoimmune cross-targeting is triggered when an infection exists simultaneously on the inside and the outside of a cell causing the immune system attacks the entire cell.

Guillian barre is the peripheral nerves.  Miller Fisher seems to have a larger nerve group including the peripheral nerves.  Miller-fisher seems to include  the lower paralysis or numbness of Guillian barre but then has additional symptoms of double vision, swallowing issues, and ataxia.

Cross-targeting infections:

C.jejune or P. multocida outside
Zika or other flavivirus inside (or for regular Guillian barre CMV)

infection P. multocida and miller-fisher
http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/75/12/1786

infection C. jejune and miller-fisher
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC174172/

Zika and miller-fisher
http://www.neurology.org/content/87/3/336.full
http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2016.00170/full
http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1605564#t=article
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5044512/

Chikunguny virus (relative of Zika)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28397145
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28741102 

Chikunguny also infects the brain like zika
http://www.cbc.ca/news/health/chikungunya-brain-infection-1.3337962
http://jcm.asm.org/content/52/9/3459.full

Chikunguny causes microcephaly and cerebral palsy
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25033077

melatonin protects against these viruses
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14962057

Chikunguny and zika may bind ACTH receptors (chikunguny with less affinity?)

Hepatitis E (a relative of rubella which infects nerves might also trigger miller fisher ?
http://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1007/s10072-016-2644-4

Regular Guillian barre and CMV
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28523231
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10084538
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21214559

Now considering the drugs that trigger the disease. They must replace one of the infections.

TNF alpha antagonist drug causing miller-fisher like issue
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16645971
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9668366
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10511801

What is the normal function of TNF alpha ? To signal that a macrophage has become infected thus stimulating transcription changes.  Since this action requires going into the cell the drug likely replaces the virus in the autoimmune cross-targeting scenario.

Does TNF alpha bind the same nerves as Zika?

Zika and chikunguny looks as if it is binding ACTH receptors.

TNF alpha looks as if it is using a different receptor but does seem involved with nerves. (a responsibility beyond macrophage infection)

TNF alpha acts on the TNF1 receptor causing ACTH inhibition
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22040432

Paper looking at nerves and TNF alpha contemplating it's involvement there
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/2014/861231/

TNF alpha antagonist and demyelination
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19109035

Sorting through other papers looking for more evidence they bind the same nerves

TNF alpha inhibits ACTH ?
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2542010
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2163305
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1702707







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